Published November 1, 2023 | Version v2
Dataset Open

Fluxes and plant diversity data in urban grasslands

Creators

  • 1. Finnish Meteorological Institute

Contributors

Contact person:

Description

Files that were used in Justine et al.'s manuscript (2023), entitled ‘Lawns and meadows in urban green space - A comparison from perspectives of greenhouse gas, drought resilience and plant functional types’. CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes, C/N content in soil and plant diversity were measured in urban grasslands around Helsinki Metropolitan Area. At four of the study sites including a mesic meadow, a dry meadow, an irrigated lawn and a non-irrigated lawn, total ecosystem respiration, GPP, green cover and plant diversity were intensively recorded (about every two weeks from May-November) from 2021-2022. Twelve other sites (6 control lawns and 6 meadows) belonging to the Lawns into Meadows experiment were studied from 2020-2022, they also provide crucial data (respiration, CH4 and N2O and plant functional type proportions) about conversion from a lawn into a meadow. Compared to the previous dataset, some changes were made:

  • 00_READ_ME: descriptions were improved and figures/tables updated
  • 01_COCARBON_Flux_data: gas slope and NMRSE were added
  • 02_LIM_Flux_data: gas slope and NMRSE were added
  • ex-07_LIM_Plants&flux: discarded because of redundancy (in addition, one tree proportion value was missing)
  • 08_Soil_CN_data: added to the folder
  • 09_various_soil_characteristics: added to the folder

Files

00_READ_ME.txt

Files (419.2 kB)

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Additional details

Identifiers

URL
https://etsin.fairdata.fi/dataset/5e6a8c8f-9f34-44cd-9b89-efc17c08b686
B2SHARE Legacy Record ID
920c1e5f08a74a6d9dfcb3a08cfc6734

Funding

Strategic Research Council working under Academy of Finland (grant no. 335204)
Academy of Finland (grant no. 325549)
Koneen säätiö (grant no. 201902880)
ACCC Flagship program of the Academy of Finland (grant no. 337552)
Maj and Tor Nessling foundation (grant no. 202000391)

Instruments

Transparent chamber with: CO2 and H2O analyzer (Li-840A, LI-COR, Inc., Nebraska, USA), air temperature and humidity sensor (BME280, Bosch Sensortec GmbH, Reutlingen, Germany), and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor (PQS1, Kipp & Zonen, Delft, Netherlands)
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Opaque chamber with: CO2, H2O, N2O and CH4 analyzer (DX4015, Gasmet Technologies Oy, Vantaa, Finland)
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Opaque chamber with: CO2 probe (GMP343, Vaisala Oyj, Vantaa, Finland) and relative humidity and air temperature sensor (HMP75, Vaisala)
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Handheld soil thermometer (HH376, Omega Engineering Inc., Connecticut, USA),
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Handheld soil-moisture meter (ML3 ThetaProbe and HH2 Moisture Meter, Delta-T Devices Ltd., Cambridge, UK)
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Elemental CN analyzer (LECO, Michigan, USA)
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FMI metadata

Process step
Flux calculation from Vekuri, H.: Chamber-codes, https://github.com/hvekuri/Chamber-codes, 2023., Sentinel-2 data from Nevalainen, O.: satellitetools, https://github.com/ollinevalainen/satellitetools, 2022., Green cover from Patrignani, A. and Ochsner, T. E.: Canopeo: A Powerful New Tool for Measuring Fractional Green Canopy Cover, Agronomy Journal, 107, 2312–2320, https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj15.0150, 2015.
Source data
Meteorological data from the Finnish Meteorological Institute (Finnish Meteorological Institute: Download observations, https://en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/download-observations, last access: 21 April 2023) and SMEAR III (Institute of Atmospheric Research. SmartSMEAR - Download: https://smear.avaa.csc.fi/download, last access: 21 April 2023)
Lineage
Official version of processed data, for more details please read "00_READ_ME" file
Platforms
Urban grasslands, directly on the ground
Parameter
  • Parameter name: Respiration
  • Parameter unit: mg CO2 m-2 s-1
  • Parameter description: measured CO2 fluxes including heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration (named Respiration, Resp or CO2)
  • Parameter name: GPP_1200
  • Parameter unit: mg CO2 m-2 s-1
  • Parameter description: Gross Primary Production calculated after recordings at the equivalent of PAR = 1200 µmol m−2 s−1
  • Parameter name: GP_max
  • Parameter unit: mg CO2 m-2 s-1
  • Parameter description: maximum calculated Gross Primary Production on the measurement day
  • Parameter name: daily GPP
  • Parameter unit: mg CO2 m-2 s-1 or mg CO2 m-2 d-1
  • Parameter description: daily Gross Primary Production calculated according to our recordings
  • Parameter name: CH4
  • Parameter unit: mg CH4 m-2 s-1
  • Parameter description: measured CH4 fluxes
  • Parameter name: N2O
  • Parameter unit: mg N2O m-2 s-1
  • Parameter description: measured N2O fluxes
  • Parameter name: Soil temperature
  • Parameter unit: °C
  • Parameter description: Soil temperature measured at 5 or 10-cm depth during flux recording (named Soil_temp_10cm, Soil_temp_5cm and temp)
  • Parameter name: Soil moisture
  • Parameter unit: m m-1
  • Parameter description: Soil moisture measured at 5cm depth during flux recording, mean of at least 4 measurements (named Soil_mois and mois)
  • Parameter name: Vegetation height
  • Parameter unit: cm
  • Parameter description: Maximum vegetation height measured during recording
  • Parameter name: Green cover
  • Parameter unit: %
  • Parameter description: Green cover measured with Canapeo thanks to pictures taken from above
  • Parameter name: LAI
  • Parameter unit: m2 m-2
  • Parameter description: Leaf area index either measured manually or collected from Sentinel-2 (Nevalainen, 2022)
  • Parameter name: SOC
  • Parameter unit: %
  • Parameter description: Soil organic carbon content in the <2mm fraction (named C_soil and Carbon)
  • Parameter name: SON
  • Parameter unit: %
  • Parameter description: Soil organic nitrogen content in the <2mm fraction (named N_soil and Nitrogen)
  • Parameter name: Plant cover proportion
  • Parameter unit: %
  • Parameter description: Proportion of grasses, legumes, forbs, trees, sedges, horsetails and mosses found at the site on 27th June or 21st July 2022
  • Parameter name: Shannon index (S)
  • Parameter description: Biodiversity index, Shannon index calculated for the plants at the inventoried sites (refereed as intensive sites in Trémeau et al., 2023)
  • Parameter name: Shannon equitability index (EH)
  • Parameter description: Biodiversity index, also called Species evenness calculated for the plants at the inventoried sites (refereed as intensive sites in Trémeau et al., 2023)
  • Parameter name: Species richness
  • Parameter description: Biodiversity index, number of plant species found at the inventoried sites (refereed as intensive sites in Trémeau et al., 2023)
  • Parameter name: Proportion of bare soil
  • Parameter unit: %
  • Parameter description: Proportion of bare soil found at the site on 27th June or 21st July 2022
  • Parameter name: SPEI
  • Parameter description: Daily SPEI values calculated by the R function for a 90, 30 or 14 days interval with the FAO method (Allen et al., 1998)
  • Parameter name: PET
  • Parameter unit: mm d-1
  • Parameter description: Daily potential evapotranspiration calculated by the R function, calculated according to Penman-Monteith equation (Monteith, 1965)
  • Parameter name: Wbal
  • Parameter unit: mm d-1
  • Parameter description: Climatic water balance
  • Parameter name: Various meteorological data
  • Parameter name: Various soil chemical data
Topic category
environment

Temporal Coverage

Ranges:

Start date: 2020-07-13
End date: 2022-11-01