FILE DOCUMENT

This document explains the contents of data files uploaded in the
repository of the Finnish Meteorological Institute, supporting the
study "Average and extreme heatwaves in Europe at 0.5-2.0°C global
warming levels in CMIP6 model simulations" by Kimmo Ruosteenoja and
Kirsti Jylhä, to be published in "Climate Dynamics".

The file format of all the data files is "netcdf" (.nc).

Note that in multiple data files the time variable does not
express the exact time point but refers to the global warming
level (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0°C). Details are explained below.


annual_max_extrind_eobs_1961-2020.nc
====================================

The file contains the extremity index of the strongest annual heatwave
for the period 1961-2020 derived from the observational E-OBS
analyses, used to create Fig. 3 of the paper.

data variable: extrind_max - extremity index (in °C days)

Coordinate variables:

lon: longitude

lat: latitude

timestep: years since 1961


extremity_index_return_level_100year.nc
=======================================

The file contains the 100-year return level of the extremity index of
the most intense heatwave of the year at the 0.5°C global warming
levels, used to create Fig. 11b of the paper.

variable: extrind_max_100 - the 100-year return level (°C days)

Coordinate variables:

lon: longitude

lat: latitude

time: only one time step


extremity_index_return_level_10year.nc
======================================

The file contains the 10-year return level of the extremity index of
the most intense heatwave of the year at the 0.5°C global warming
levels, used to create Fig. 11a of the paper.

variable: extrind_max_10 - the 10-year return level (°C days)

Coordinate variables:

lon: longitude

lat: latitude

time: only one time step


mean_date_of_strongest_heatwave.nc
==================================

The file contains 20-year means of the mid-point date of the strongest
heatwave of the year at four global warming levels (multi-model
means), used to create Fig. 9 of the paper.

variable: date_max - the mid-point date of the maximum heatwave
relative to 30 June

Coordinate variables:

lon: longitude

lat: latitude

lev: not used (value=4)

time: 0.5°C (time=0), 1.0°C (time=100), 1.5°C (time=200), 2.0°C (time=300)
global warming levels


mean_heatwave_count+extremity_regmean.nc
========================================

The file contains regionally averaged 20-year means for six data
variables, used for example to create Fig. 6 of the paper:

extrind_tot (unit °C days)
count_tot
extrind_tot_n (unit °C days)
count_tot_n
extrind_tot_x (unit °C days)
count_tot_x

Here "extrind" refers to the heatwave extremity index (Eq. (1) of the
paper) and "count" to the count of heatwave days. The suffix "_tot"
tells that both are the mean annual sums of the indices. The first two
variables are multimodel means, while variables with the suffix "_n"
correspond to the second-lowest and those with "_x" the second-highest
values among the 25 climate models.

Coordinate variables:

lon: the number of region: NEU (lon=4), BRI (lon=5), WEU (lon=6), EEU
(lon=7), SWE (lon=8), SSE (lon=9)

lat: not used

lev: not used

time: 0.5°C (time=0), 1.0°C (time=100), 1.5°C (time=200), 2.0°C
(time=300) global warming levels


mean_heatwave_day_count.nc
==========================

The file contains 20-year means of the total annual number of heatwave
days at four global warming levels (multi-model means), used to create
Fig. 7 of the paper.

data variable: count_tot - mean annual number of heatwave days

Coordinate variables:

lon: longitude

lat: latitude

lev: not used (value=4)

time: 0.5°C (time=0), 1.0°C (time=100), 1.5°C (time=200), 2.0°C (time=300)
global warming levels


mean_heatwave_extremity_index.nc
================================

The file contains 20-year means of the annual sum of the heatwave
extremity index at four global warming levels (multi-model means),
used to create Fig. 8 of the paper.

data variable: extrind_tot - mean annual sum of the heatwave extremity
index (unit °C days)

Coordinate variables:

lon: longitude

lat: latitude

lev: not used (value=4)

time: 0.5°C (time=0), 1.0°C (time=100), 1.5°C (time=200), 2.0°C (time=300)
global warming levels


percentile_90_temp_jja.nc
=========================

The file contains the 90th percentile of June-August daily-mean
temperatures for the period 1961-2000 (multi-model means), used to
create Figs. 2 and 14 of the paper.

data variable: t_p90 - the 90th percentile (°C)

Coordinate variables:

lon: longitude

lat: latitude

time: only one timestep


probabilities_heatwave_extremity_exceeding_baseline_return_levels_regmean.nc
============================================================================

The file contains regional probabilities for the occurrence of an
annual maximum heatwave with the extremity index larger than that
occurring once in 2, 4, 10, 20, 50 or 100 years at the 0.5°C global
warming level as a function of global warming (Fig. 12 of the paper).

variable name: prob_exceeding

Coordinate variables:

lon: the number of region: NEU (lon=4), BRI (lon=5), WEU (lon=6), EEU
(lon=7), SWE (lon=8), SSE (lon=9)

lat: not used

lev: baseline-climate return level: 2 years (lev=1), 4 years (lev=2),
10 years (lev=3), 20 years (lev=4), 50 years (lev=5), 100 years
(lev=6)

time: 0.5°C (time=0), 1.0°C (time=100), 1.5°C (time=200), 2.0°C (time=300)


temp_mean+standard_deviation.nc
===============================

The file contains 20-year monthly means and temporal standard
deviations of the June-August daily mean temperatures at four global
warming levels (multi-model means), used to create Figs. 1 and 14 of
the paper.  Data variables:

temp_mean: monthly mean temperatures

temp_stdev: temporal standard deviations of temperature

Coordinate variables:

lon: longitude

lat: latitude

lev: the number of month (lev=1: January, lev=2, February,...)

time: 0.5°C (time=0), 1.0°C (time=100), 1.5°C (time=200), 2.0°C (time=300)
global warming levels